Long-distance anticipatory vowel-to-vowel assimilatory effects in French and Japanese

This paper examines language-specific differences in anticipatory vowel-to-vowel coarticulation using two non-stress languages. Native speakers of Standard French (n=6) and Tokyo Japanese (n=5) served as subjects to a production study. To investigate possible long-distance effects between and beyond adjacent vowels, linguistic material consisting of /ba.bV/ and /ba.ba.bV/ was embedded within a carrier sentence in each language. The word-final trigger vowel (V) is /a/, /i/ or /u/. Acoustic analysis of continuous F1 and F2 trajectories as well as singlepoint formant measurements revealed opposite patterns in the two languages. Strong anticipatory effects in vowels up to 2 preceding syllables were observed in French. However, Japanese displayed few statistically significant anticipatory effects in any vowel preceding any trigger. We interpret the results as an indication that there are two rather different types of contextual phonetic variability. We also assert not all phonetic assimilatory effects in “coarticulation” are due to articulatory overlap.